Biometrics: Solving the Regressivity of VATs and RSTs with "Smart Card" Technology

نویسندگان

چکیده

Biometric identifiers embedded in national identity cards puts a formerly impossible goal of consumption taxation within the grasp policymakers for first time. Never before has it been possible to design broad-based, single-rate tax that is truly and independentlyprogressive.No ever had all three critical attributes progressive tax: broad base, single-rate, measured relief those greatest need. Although economists have urged base be pursued over progressivity, most taxes instead seek progressivity at expense both rate considerations.

برای دانلود باید عضویت طلایی داشته باشید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Rethinking the Smart Card Technology

Creating security architectures and processes that directly interact with consumers, especially in consumer electronics, has to take into account usability, user-experience and skill level. Smart cards provide secure services, even in malicious environments, to end-users with a fairly straightforward limited usage pattern that even an ordinary user can easily deal with. The way the smart card i...

متن کامل

the evaluation of language related engagment and task related engagment with the purpose of investigating the effect of metatalk and task typology

abstract while task-based instruction is considered as the most effective way to learn a language in the related literature, it is oversimplified on various grounds. different variables may affect how students are engaged with not only the language but also with the task itself. the present study was conducted to investigate language and task related engagement on the basis of the task typolog...

15 صفحه اول

Smart Card ID: An Evolving and Viable Technology

In today’s world carrying a number of plastic smart cards to establish our identity has become an integral segment of our routine lives. Identity establishment necessitates a pre stored readily available data about self and to the administrator to authenticate it with claimer’s personal information. There is a distinct requirement of a technological solution for nationwide multipurpose identity...

متن کامل

azerbaijans political development after the collapse of soviet union and implication on relation with the islamic republic of iran

در فصل اول این پایاین نامه در خصوص تاریخ کشور اذربایجان قبل و بعد از جدایی این کشور از ایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است ودر فصل دوم تحولات سیاسی این کشور بعد از 1991 و در واقع بعد از فروپاشی شوروی و دولتهایی که روی کار امدند در از جمله دولت ابولفضل ایلچی بیگ،دولت حیدر علی اف وبعد از او پسرش الهام علی اف و نگرش هرکدام از این دولتها به سیاسیت خارجی اذربایجان مورد اشاره قرار گرفته است.در ودر فصل سو...

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Florida tax review

سال: 2022

ISSN: ['2476-1699', '1066-3487']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5744/ftr.2006.1010